Power transmission device



Nov. 12, 1946. F. w. AVILA 2,410,921

POWER TRANSMISSION DEVICE Filed Jan, 19, 1945 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 NW 12, 1946. w, v A 2,410,921

POWER TRANSMISSI'ON pnvxcm Filed Jan. 19, 1945 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Nov} 12, 1946. w. A 2,410,9 2l

POWER TRANSMISSION DEVICE v Filed Jan. 19, 1945 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Nov. 12, 1946. I w, LA 2,410,921

POWER TRANSMISSION DEVICE 7 Filed Jan. 19, 1945 4 Shets-Sheet 4 Patented Nov. 12, 1946 International Harvester .tion of New Jersey Qompany, a corpora,-

Application January 19, was. No. 573,550 I This invention relates to a power tron device. More specifically it relates to ,a variable speed transmission. v

Most automotive vehicles have used. changespeed transmissions of the sliding gear type. Re-. cently, considerable development work has been done with automatic or semi-automatic trans 10.0mm. (c 14-30) condition of the gearing the tron device.

Referring to Figure 1,-the casing structure, which in an automotive vehicle would be rigidly secured to the engine structure extending rear- ,wardl therefrom, includes three housing secmissions which ',t irom one speed to another J upon attaining certain speed or load conditions.

Fluid drive couplings'hav'e also been used to some extent, said couplings giving a resiliency inthe drive mechanism which makes possible the use of change-speed devices oi a positive nature, the fluid drive coupling taking up the shock allow by s pp se.

The principal object is to provide an improved transmission incorporating a plurality of clutch and brake devices.

or the present invention tions.- A forwardhousingseetion-ili-having a front wall II is secured b aflange l2 to aflange I! on acenier housing section I. Said section is secured to aflange I! of the rear'housing section It which provides a. casing for the changespeed mechanism; The rear end oi the crankshaft I1 is illustrated, as projecting into the for- -ward housing section i0.; Said crank-shaft'ds provided with a flange l8 which is secured to a housing," which forms part of a fluid drive mechanism. Said housing I! is connected by a n flange to a flange 2| formed on a second hous- A more specific object is to provide a trans mission in which speeds may be selected by the use oi'clutch and brake devices. 57 Y Another subsidiary object is the use" 01' ex- -panding coil spring clutches andbrakes in a transmission device.

Another principalobiect utilize aplanetary spring clutch typeot transmission with metallic and brake devices.

ing 22 which cooperates with the housing" to provide a reservoir for a fluid drive mechanism.

A-flansed sleeve 23 secured to the housing'22.

supports a flanged sleeve 2lwhich is secured by 'cap screws 25 to a member 26 which is the driven portion of the fluid drive coupling. Saidmemher 2 carries a plurality of; radial veins 21 which 1 cooperate with radialveins 28. on the housing I! Another'subsidiary object is to clutch and brake devices engageable in one relative direction of two cooperating members between which the clutch is placed and overrunning-in the other relative direction of rotation of the cooperative members. g I

Another object; is to provide anautomatic change-speed device utilizing spring type clutches and brakes operable by applying pressure to a iree' end of a coil spring clutch element.

The above objects and others which will be apparent from the detail description to follow,

are attained by a construction as shown in the drawings, in which: i f I Figure l is a side elevation of a transmission device particularly adapted for automotive vehicles, with a portion broken away in a vertical section to show a fluid coupling device;

Figure 2 is a vertical longitudinal section through the change-speed portion oi the trans mission device shown in Figure 1;. v Figure 3 is a simplifled showing 0! the construction of Figure 2 with bearings and other to torm a fluid drive mechanism oi. a conventional type such as is now. in extensive use on automotivevehicles. a I

The housing I! is'secured to the flange It or the flywheel oi the-crank-shaft H by a plurality or bolts 29. 'Said bolts also secure a flange formed on astub shaft 3| rigldlv to the crankshaft !or rotation therewith. By means of a 1, to the change-"speed portion shown in Figure 2. 1

ball-bearing assembly 32 the'mem'ber 26 and the structure secured thereto including thesleeve 24 are rotatably mounted concentric with the'axis oithecranlt-shaft. u L

The sleeve 24 is'splined onto a transmission power input shaft 32 which extendsrearwardly from the fluid drive coupling, as shown in'Figure oi the device, as

. The rear section or'casing ll oflthe housing structure cooperates with a verticalwall 34, as

-' shown in Figure 2,- to provide a lubricant comconstructional units omitted so that the opera- I 7 'tion of the functional partscanbebetter described and understood.

. Figures 4, 5, and 6 are similar Figure 3,- each oi these four flgures showing a difl'erent speed partment iorthechange-speed portion of the transmission. The wall 24 is an inte'gralportion or the center section l4. outwardly extend: ing flange. 26 :formedon the wall 3| provides means. in cooperation with a cap 36, tosupport a ball-bearing assembly 31 in which the shaft 38 is rotatably mounted. The wall it. in'addition to andother mechanism of u the as, an integrally extending flangewhich is formed as 3 a sleeve concentric with respect to the shaft 83. The inner cylindrical face of the sleeve 0 is finished to provide an engaging face for a coiled spring brake B. Said brake is carried by a sleeve N which is an integral extension of on member 88 of a planet carrier designated in its entirety by the reference character 39. Said planet carrier includes a plurality of short shafts 48, one end of each of which is anchored in the member 88, the other end of each being anchored in a similar member 4|. Between the members 88 and 4| the shafts 40 carry ball-bearing assemblies 42 each of which rotatably supports a planet gear H. The member 89 has a sleeve P formed integrally therewith extending ina direction opposite to the sleeve end. Said sleeve is finished on both its inner and outer faces to provide for engagement therewith of coil spring clutch and brake devices as will be hereinafter described.

The shaft 33 extends integrally being rotatably mounted in the planet carrier 88 by a ball-bearing assembly 43 in themember '38 and a ball bearing assembly carried by the member 4|. Between said ball-bearing assemblies a drive gear G is supported on the shaft 33; said gear being in meshing engagement with the planet gears H.

. The shaft 33 is provided with an enlarged CY- lindrical portion adjacent the sleeve N which has an abutment 45 formed atone end'thereof. Said abutment includes a step 45 against which the last coil of a coil spring clutch A abuts. Said clutch includes a plurality of coils of'rectangular cross section having a radial dimension such'as to substantially fill the radial space between them-- largement on the shaft 83and the sleeve N, A coil wire extension 41 on the spring clutch A provides a self-energizer to engage the clutch upon relative angularmovement of the shaft 83 with respect to the sleeve N :in one direction.

The spring clutch n and brake B, which have already been described, are of the type'disclo'sed in U. S. Patent No. 2,235,266, March 18, 1941. The clutch A is of the self-energizing type, being effective-to transmit torque in one direction and to overrun in the other direction, The brake B in its neutral position does not transmit torque in either direction. It is of .thetype adapted to be energized as will hereinafter be described, for transmitting torque in one direction and to overrunin the other direction. x Y

The brake B is carried'by the sleeve N; the end of the last coil abutting a step 48 formed in a collar 49, which'is rigidly secured by suitable means to the sleeve. The last coil of the spring brake B at the other end opposite thestep 48 is provided with an extension 50 which is secured to or engaged with a pulley-likemember rotatably mounted on the sleeve N. Said'member is formed with a V groove 52 in its periphery engageable by a brake shoe member 53. The member 53 is carried by a pin 54 slidably extending through a bracket 55 mounted in the wall 34. A compression spring 55 urges the brake shoe 58 downwardly into engagement-with the member 5|. The upper end of the pin 54 is hooked over a transverse pin 51 carriedby a bell crank member 58 rockably mounted on thebracket 55.

At the rear end of the casing 16 a coupling member 59 adapted to be secured to a propeller shaft or other driving mechanism is'afflxed on the. end of an output shaft R. Said shaft is rotatably supported by a ball-bearing assembly 60,

said bearing assembly being rigidly secured to the casing l6 by a flanged cap 8|, The shaft R extends ,inwardly.theinner end being supported by 4 a ball-bearing assembly 52 in the sleeve P of the planet carrier 39.

A rotatable drum structure, designated in its entirety by the reference character 53, is ,mount- 5 ed in the casing concentric with respect to the output shaft R and the input shaft 38. Said drum structure includes a substantially flat annular wall 54 and a flange 85 extending from the said'wall. Said flange carries afllxed thereto an internal gear I in mesh with the planets H. The drum structure 53 also includes asleeve S overlapping the sleeve P and radially spaced therefrom to provide an annular chamber in which a coil spring clutch C is mounted. The end coil of said clutch atone end abuts a step 68 formed on a collar 61 rigidly secured by suitable means to the sleeve P. The other end of the spring clutch is provided with a right-angle extension 88 which is secured to or otherwise engaged by a floating collar 58" rotatably mounted on the sleeve P. Said collar is engageable by a pluralityof balls 89 freely mounted for outward movement in diagonal bores extending into the face of the member 4|. The ball may move radially outward at an angle as determined by the bores III by the action 'of centrifugal force. The bores III are so positioned with respect to the collar 88 that upon outward movement the balls 58 engage the collar 88, thereby exerting force against the end of the spring clutch in and acting to cause the engagement of'said clutch,

An actuating member in the form of a sleeve 1| is slidably mounted on the outer surface of the sleeve S. Said member carries a plurality of pins I2 slidable through openings 13 in the wall 64. The pins I! carry an annular plate 14 engageablev with the balls 89 whereby the said balls may be held against outward movement and wherebythe clutch-engaging action 'of said balls 40 is inhibited.

' The sleeve H is formed with an annular channel in which an actuating element 15 extends.

.7 Said element is carried by a member 11 fixed on the inner end of a slidable shaft I8. Said shaft 45 extends through a bore formed in the casing l8 and provides means for'operating the controlling mechanism within the casing from the outside thereof. A ball detent mechanism 19 is engageable with any one of a plurality of recesses 85 50 formed in the shaft 18 to lock the shaft movement.

7 The member 11 is connected by a link 8| with the bell crank member 58 previously referred to.

The drum structure 53 is formed as an extendiameter. Said sleeve is supported by a ballbearing assembly 82 on the shaft R; The outside of the sleeve Q'ca'rries a spring brake F, one end of the coil of said brake being seated go against a step 83 formed on a collar 84 fixed by suitable means to the end of the sleeve Q. The other end of the brake F is secured by an extension 85 of the last coil to a pulley-like member 88, which is rotatable and slidably mounted on the sleeve Q. The periphery of the member 85 is grooved to receive a brake member 81. Said member is carried by a vertical pin 88 slidably mounted in a bracket 89 extending from a portion of the casing It. A spring 88 urges the brake member 81 radially inwardly into engagement with the member 86. A cammed extension 9| on the member 81 is engageable with a cam face 92 formed on the sleeve 1| whereby movement of said sleeve in one direction lifts the 75 member 81 out of engagement, and whereby upon sionof the sleeve S with a sleeve Q of smaller 4 movement of the sleeve in the other direction the spring 80 seats the brake member I! on the member 88 thereby actuating the spring brake F and causing its engagement.

The brake F is adapted to engage a finished brake face T formed on a cylindrical portion 93 of the casing l6.

.The shaft R ls provided with a collar 94 to provide abutment means for spring clutches mounted at the sides thereof. A coil spring clutch D has its end coil seated on a step 85 formed on the collar 94. The other end of said spring clutch isprovided with a coiled wire extension 88 to provide an automatic agitator for engaging the clutch in one direction of rotation relative to now be described. With the-input shaft 33 rotatthe sleeve P, said clutch engaging the inner face of said sleeve.

A spring clutch E mounted on the shaft R has the end of its last coil abutting a' step 91 formed on the collar 9|. The other end of said clutch is provided with a coil spring'extension 98 which provides an automatic agitator for the clutch in one direction .of rotation relative to the sleeve Q, said clutch E being adapted to engage the inner cylindrical face of the sleeve Q.

It will be noted'that a bushing 89 is provided between the drum structure 63 and a reduced end portion of the sleeve P. Said braking, to-

gether withthe ball-bearing assembly 82, centers the drum structure 63 with respect to the input shaft 33, the output shaft R, and the planet carrier 39.

In any power-transmitting device involving the use of gearing in orderto change ratio, it is necessary to have a reaction point in the-gear train. In-the device of this invention as "above described, there are two'reaction points on the transmission casing, one being the reaction obtained by engagement of the coil spring brake B with the sleeve 0, which is attached to the casing. and the other being engagement of the spring brake F with the face T, which is carried by the .casing. In addition to these two reaction points,

the input and output shafts may be locked together, as will be hereinafter described, whereby there is a direct drive, reaction in this case being taken against the chassis frame by the engine block and other associated parts. I

In the description of the operation of applicant's transmission, the; direction of rotation of the various elements will be referred to as viewed from the output end of the transmission; that is, from the right end of the drawings. The transmission input shaft 33 will then be driven v a counter-clockwise direction.

Reference will first be made to Figure 4 of the diagrammatic drawings. Neutral position and direct drive will be first described, using Figure 4 as the basis for the explanation.

Direction drive willflrst be explained. With the power input shaft 33 rotating in a counterclockwise direction and' with the balls 39 thrown out by centrifugal force whereby the spring clutch C is actuated, the sleeve P will be secured tothe sleeve s for rotation therewith. The gear train G, H, and I will therefore be held locked against movement and the entire structure will rotate as a unit in a counter-clockwise direction. The

spring clutch D will automatically be engaged and drive will be transmitted therethrough to the output shaft R. at the speed of the input shaft 33. The brake B is shown in dotted lines in order to simplify the showing, said dotted lines indicating the position of the clutch or brake and symbolizing an inactive clutch or brake through ing in a counter-clockwise directiomthe gear G is driven in the same direction and the gear H isrotated' about its axis in the reverse, orclockwise, direction. 'Thisdirection of rotation of the gear H would'act to drive the internal gear I in the reverse, or counter-clockwise, direction. Said internal gear, however, is locked against counterclockwise direction by the spring brake F. The gear Hand'its carrier acting against this stationary reaction operates in a counter-clockwise direction. Power is then transmitted through the sleeve P at a reduced speed ratio to the output shaft R'by 'mean's of the self-energizing spring clutch D. This gives the low-speedoperation, reaction being taken on the transmission casing it by engagement of the spring brake F with the face T formed on a portion of the casing.

When operation in low speed reaches the point when the centrifugal force of the balls 69, which act as a governor is high enough to produce a predetermined amount of 'drag on the exciting ring 68 of the spring clutch D, the sleeves P and .8. as above pointed out, are locked'together. The entire internal structure within the casing I3 is then driven in a counter-clockwise direction,

Referring to Figure 5, when the selecting mechanism is moved to engage the brake shoe," and disengage the brake shoe 81, reverse speed is obclockwise direction. The planet carrier, including the sleeve N, is held against movement by engagement of the spring brake B with the sleeve Ov on the casing. The gear H then drives the internal gear I in aclockwise direction. The

sleeve Q energizes/the clutch E'engaging' the output shaft B,.thereby driving said shaft in a clockwise direction whereby reverse speed is attained.

Figure 6 illustrates a neutral position in which rotation of the power input shaft 33 merely spins the gearing without applying any power to the output shaft R except that due to frictional drag of the'oil in the transmission. With the brake shoes 53 and 81 both disengaged, and with the balls 69 having no appreciable centrifugal force,

there will be no drive engagement of the sleeves P and Q with-the clutches D and E by the output shaft R. I I

Although it is intended that the shift from low to high speed be automatic, under certain conditions it is desirable to remain in low gear. For that purpose, a lock-out meansis provided. The

annular actuating element 14 ma be moved by means of the linkage illustrated to engage the balls-69 and hold them against outward movement by centrifugal force in the bores, '10. By this means .the transmission may be held in low gear until such time as it is desired to 'permit automatic shifting into high gear.

In order to prevent undesirable 'free wheeling or coasting,- a clutch A is provided between the power input shaft 53 and the planet carrier.

When power from the outputshaft R corne s from the output end of the transmission through the clutch E to the planet carrier and therefrom to the sleeve N, the clutch A1 engages ,with the power input shaft 33 whereby the engine brakes the overrunning action.

glue, and if the selector mechanism is set for forward drive, no-back lock can be effected since shaft Rwould tend to turn sleeve P by means of clutch D in'a clockwise direction. 8 would then I' be locked .by means of brake F requiring the p'lanetsto' turn the engine which is dead. This would act as a brake and give the desired braking action. When parked on a. down grade, the same results may be obtained by moving the selector mechanism to a reverse position. 7

It is to be understood that only a preferred embodiment has been illustrated showing applicant's use of spring clutches in connection with a planetary transmission. It isto be understood that 'said transmission may take varied forms and modifications, and that applicant limits his claim to invention only by the scope ,of the appended claims h a Whatisclaimedis:

1. A transmission including a housing struc-' ture, a power input shaft rotatably carried by the housing structure, a gear fixed to said shaft, a planet carrier rotatably mounted concentric with respect to said shaft, a gear rotatably mounted on the planet carrier in mesh with the gear on the shaft, a rotatable drum structure having an internal gear in mesh wtih said planet gear, an output shaft rotatably carried by the housing structure concentric with respect to the power input shaft, a one-way clutchcarried by the power input shaft and engageable with the planet carrier, a brake carried by the planet carrier and engageable withthe housing structure, a one way clutch carried by the output shaft and en-' gageable with the planet carrier, a one-way clutch carried by the output shaft and ens seable with the drum structure, a one-way brake carried'by the drum structure and engageable with the housing structure, manual means for engaging 'and disengaging the brakes between the housing structure and the planet carrier and the drum structure, saidclutches between the input shaft and the planet carrier, between the output shaft and the planet carrier and between the output shaft and the drum structurebeing automatically engageable in onerelative direction of rotation and freely overrunnlng in. the other relative direction of rotation, a one-way clutch carried by the planet carrier and engageable with the drum structure. and automatic means to engage said clutch when a predetermined speed of the planet carrier is attained whereby direct drive is obtained, manual means being provided for rendering said automatic means inoperative.

2. A transmission including a power input shaft, a ear fixed to said shaft, a planet carrier rotatably mounted concentric with respect to said shaft, a gear rotatably mountedon the planet carrier in mesh with the gear, on the shaft,

{a rotatable drum structure having an internal gear in mesh with said planet gear, an output shaft mounted concentric with respect to the power input shaft, a housing structure which carries all of said mentioned elements, a coil spring brake positioned between the planet car- 'rier and the housing structuraa coil spring clutch between the output shaft and the planet 'carrier, a coil spring clutch between the output shaft and the. drum structure, a coiled spring brake positioned between said drum structure and the housing structure, means for engaging and disengaging the spring brakes between the housing structure and the planet carrier and the drum 76 structure, a spring clutch between the planet shaft, a rotatable drum structure having an internal gear in mesh with said planet gear, an output shaft mounted concentric with respect to the power input shaft, ahousing structure which carries all of said mentioned elements, a one-way engaging brakepositioned between the planet carrier and the housing structure, a one-way engaging clutch between the output shaft and the planet carrier, a one-way engaging clutch between theoutput shaft and the drum structure with the internal gear and a one-way engaging brake positioned between said drum structure and the housing structure, manual means for engaging and disengaging the brakes between the housing structure and the planet carrier and the drum structure, said clutches between the input shaft and the planet carrier, between the output shaft and the planet carrier and between the output shaft and the drum structure being automatically engageable in one relative directionof rotation and freely overrunning, in the other relative direction of rotation, a one-way engaging clutch between the planet carrier and the drum structure, and automatic means to engage said clutch when a predetermined speed is attained on the planet carrier whereby direct drive is obtained, manual means being provided for rendering said automatic means inoperative.

4. A transmission including a power input shaft, a gear carried by said shaft, a planet carrier rotatably'mounted concentric with respect to said shaft, a gear rotatably mounted on the planet carrier in mesh with the gear on the shaft, a rotatable drum structure having an internal gear in mesh with said planet gear, an output shaft mounted concentric with respect to the power input shaft. a housing structure which carries all of said mentioned elements, a coil spring clutch pontioned between the power input shaft '5 and the planet carrier. a one-way engaging shaft and the drum structure with the internal ear and a one-way brake positioned between said drum structure and the housing structure. manual means for engaging and disengaging the brakes between the housing structure and the a planet carrier and the drum structure, said clutches between the input shaft and the planet carrier, between the output shaft and the planet carrier and between'the output shaft and the drum structure being automatically engageabie 66 in onerelative direction of rotation and freely overrunning in the other relative direction of rotation, a one-way engaging clutch between the planet carrier and the drum structure, and autm matic means to engage said clutch when a pre- 70' determined speed is attained on the planet carrier whereby direction drive is obtained, manual means being provided for rendering said automatic means inoperative.

5. A transmission including a power input shaft. a gear fixed to said shaft, aplanet carrier i'otatably'ni'ounted concentric 'withrespect to said shaft, a gear rotatably mounted onthe planet carrier in mesh with the gearen the shaft, a rotatable drum structure having an internal gear in mesh with said planet gear, an output shaft mounted concentric with respect to the power input shaft, a housingstructure whichcarries all of said mentioned elements, a, coil spring clutch positioned between the power'input shaft and the planet carrier, "a coil spring brake positioned between the planet carrier and the housing structure,"a coil spring clutch between theoutput shaft and the planet carrier, a coil spring clutch between the output shaft and the drum structure, a coiled spring brakepositioned between said drum structure and the housing structure, manual means for engaging and disengaging the spring brakes between the housing structure and the planet carrier and the drum structure, saidspring clutches between the input shaft being provided for rendering said automatic means inoperative. v

6. A transmission including a housing structure, a power input shaft rotatably carried by the casing, a gear fixed tosaid shaft, 'a planet carrier rotatably'mounted on the planet carrier in mesh with the gear on the shaft, a rotatable drum structure havingan'internal gear in mesh with said planet gear, an output shaft rotatably carried by the'casing concentric with respect to the power input shaft, a coil spring clutch car- .ried by the power input shaft and engageable with the planet carrier, a coil spring brake carried by the planet carrier and engageable with the housing structure, a coil spring clutch carried by the output shaft and engageable' with the planet carrier, a coil spring clutch carried by the output shaft and engageable with the'drum structure, a coiled spring brake carried by the drum structure and engageable with the housing structure, manual means for engaging and disengaging the spring brakes between the housing structure and the planet carrier and the drum structure, said spring clutches between the input shaft and the planet carrier, between the output shaft and the planet carrierand between the output shaft and the drum structure being automatically engageable in one relative direction of rotation and freely overrunning in the other relative direction of rotation, a spring clutch carried by the planet carrier and engageable with the drum structure, and automatic means to. engage said clutch when a predetermined speed at the planet carrier is attained whereby direct drive is obtained, manual means being provided for rendering said automatic means inoperative.

7. A power transmission device including a casing, a power input shaft Journaled in said casing, a concentric power output shaft'iournaled in the casing, a planet carrier assembly journaled on said input and said output shafts, a drum structure journaled on said planet carrier and on said output shaft, said planet, carrier including a sleeve overlying a portion of the input shaft, said casing being provided with a sleeve extending in overlying relation with respectto said sleeve i on the planet carrier, aone-way brake interposed between said sleeves, saidbrakeibeing manually disengageable, said planet earrierbeing provided with a second'sleeveoverlying a portion of the output shaft, a one-way clutch interposed between said; sleeve and said output shaft, said clutch jbeing'automatically engageable during relativerotation offthe sleeve. andthe shaft in one directionjsaid drum structurebeing provided with ajsleeve overlyingand spaced from said second, sleeve on the planet carrier, a self-engaging spring clutch device interposed between said sleeves, fine'ans, for rendering saidclutch means inoperative, said. casing being provided with} a sleeve extending over" the outputshaft in spaced relationwith respecttheretqsaid drum-structure being provided with'a second sleeve extending between said, outputshaft and said second sleeve on the 'casin gand being radially spaced from each of said elements, a one-waybrake interposedlbetween the second sleeve ofthedrum structure'andlthe' second sleeve of the casing,

manually operable. means for disengaging said brake,fa one-way, clutch interposed between said second sleeve on ,the drum structure and the power'output shaft, said clutch being provided with means for automatically engaging the clutch upon relative angular. movement of theshaft and the'sleevein one direction.

, 8,.A power transmission deviceincluding a casing, a power input shaft journaledin said casing, aconcentrio power output shaft journaled in the casing, a planet carrier assembly journaled on said input and said output shafts, a drum structure journaledon said planet carrier and on said output shaft, said planet carrier including a sleeve overlying a portion .of the-input shaft, a spring clutch; interposed between said input shaft and said sleeve, said casing being provided with a sleeve extending in overlying relation with respect to said sleeve on the planet carrier, a oneway brake interposed between said sleeve on the planet carrier and said sleeve onthe casing, said brake being manually disengageable, said planet carrier being provided with a second sleeve overlying a portion of the output shaft, a one-way provided with a sleeve extending over the output shaft in spaced relation with respect thereto, said drum structure being provided with a second sleeve extending between said output shaft and said second sleeve on the casing. and being radially spaced from each of said elements, a oneway brake interposed between the second sleeve of the drum structure and thesecond sleeve of the casing, manually operable for engaging said brake, a one-way clutch interposed between said second sleeve on the drum structure and the power output shaft,'said clutch being. provided with means for automatically engaging the clutch upon relative angular movement of the shaft and the sleeve in one direction, and manual control means including linkage connecting the manually operable clutches and the centrifugal operating means. I

ing, a power input shaft iournaled in said casing,

a concentric power outputshait Journaled in the casing, a planet carrier assembly iournaled on saidinp'ut and'sald output shafts, a drum structure iournaled on said planet carrier and on said output shaft,sal'd planet carrier including a sleeve overlying a portion of the input shait', said casing lying relation with respect to said sleeve on the being provided with a sleeve extending in overplanet carrien'a spring brake interposed between I said' sleeve, said brake being manually 'disen- 'gageable, said planet carrierbeing provided'with a second sleeve overlying a portion ofthe output shaft. a spring clutch interposed between said 1 sleeve and said output shaft, said'clutch being automatlcally engageable during relative rotation of Jthe'sleeve and the shai't in one direction, said drum structure being provided with a sleeve overlying and spacedi'rom saidsecond sleeve on the planet carrier, aself-engaging spring clutchdevice interposed between said sleeves, means for rendering said clutch means inoperative, said casing being provided with asleeve extending over the output shaft in spaced relation with respect theretdsaid drum structure-being provided with a second sleeve extending between said output shaftand said second sleeve on the casingand being radiallyspacedfrom each of said elements,

a spring brakeinterposed' between the second sleeve of the drum structure "and" the second sleeve of the casing, manually operable means for disengaging said brake, a clutch interposed between said second sleeve on the drum structure and the power output shaft, said clutch being provided with means for automatically engaging the clutch upon relative angular movement of "the shaft and the sleeve in one direction.

"10. A power transmission device jincludin a caslnl. a powerinput shaft Jo'urnaled in said casing; a concentric power output shaft Journaled 12 in the casing, a planet carrier assembly iournaled on said input and said output shafts, a drum structure journaled on said planet carrierand on said output shaft,said planet carrier including a sleeve overlyinc a portion of the inpu 8 a spring clutch interposed between said input shaft and said sleeve, said casing being provided with 'a sleeve extending in overlying relation with re- 7 spect to said sleeve on the planet carrier, a spring brake interposed between said sleeves, said brake being manually engageable, said planet carrier being provided" with a second sleeve overlying a portionof the output shaft,a'spring clutch interposed between said sleeve and said output shaft, said clutch being automatically engageable during relativefrotation oi thesieeve and the shaft in one direction, said drum structure being provided with a sleeve overlying and spaced from said second sleeve" on the planet carrier, a spring clutch device interposed between said sleeves, centrifugal means for engaging said clutch and manual means for rendering said centrirugal mean inoperative, said casing being provided with a sleeve extending over the output shaft in spaced relation with respect thereto, said drum structure being provided with a second sleeve! extending between. said output shaft and said second sleeve on the casing and beingradiallyspaced from each of said elements, a spring brake interposed between the second sleeve of the drum structure and the second sleeve of the casing, manually operable means for engaging said brake, a spring clutch interposed between said second sleeve on the drum structure and the power output shaft. said clutch being provided with means for su-' tomatically engaging the clutch .upon relative angular movement oi'the shaft and the sleeve in onedirection, and manual control means includ-' 

